Good point, I probably should have made that more clear. It is true that turbulence might cause cellular damage. The idea of the CAEREM project is to induce chaotic mixing, and not necessarily turbulence. By manipulating the flow of water using low Reynolds numbers, turbulence can be avoided while chaotic mixing is achieved at the same time. The researchers in the CAEREM project found that they were able to create such mixing even at low Reynolds numbers in their experiments, even though turbulence normally occurs at higher numbers. What is occurring is not turbulence, but rather chaotic particle trajectories in the groundwater, which allows for efficient mixing without damaging the microorganisms.

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